Academic Staff

Dr. Paul Tremper

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

Institute of Telematics / TECO

Vincenz-Prießnitz-Straße 1

76131 Karlsruhe, Germany

Building 07.07

tremperδteco.edu

Dr. Paul Tremper

Profile

My research focuses on machine learning and computational methods for modelling and understanding complex systems. With a background in theoretical physics (Dr. rer. nat.), I am particularly interested in researching how mathematical structure and domain-specific knowledge can be incorporated into data-driven models of complex systems.

My work spans probabilistic machine learning, Bayesian inference, neural networks and neural operators, with applications in environmental sensing, spatio-temporal modelling, inverse modelling and computational fluid dynamics. I am especially interested in approaches that combine the flexibility of machine learning with the interpretability and structure of mathematical and physical models.

Short CV

  • since 2019 Scientific Researcher at TECO
  • 2018 Dr. rer. nat. Dissertation in Theoretical Particle Physics
  • 2014 - 2018 PhD student at TTP (Institute for Theoretical Particle Physics) at KIT
  • 2014 Graduation with Diplom (Master equivalent) from Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
  • until 2014 Student of Physics at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

Research Interests

  • Scientific Machine Learning: Machine learning methods for modelling, simulating, and understanding complex scientific and physical systems.
  • Physics-Informed and Structure-Aware Machine Learning: Incorporating mathematical structure, physical principles, and domain knowledge into machine learning models.
  • Probabilistic Modelling and Bayesian Inference: Gaussian processes, uncertainty quantification, statistical inference, and inverse problems.
  • Neural Networks and Neural Operators: Deep learning architectures, operator learning, and surrogate models for scientific computing and simulation.
  • Environmental and Spatio-Temporal Modelling: Data-driven modelling of environmental processes, sensor networks, atmospheric dispersion, and computational fluid dynamics.

Projects

SmartAQnet Logo

SmartAQnet

“SmartAQnet” addresses urban air-quality and associated health-related quality-of-life issues by combining existing data sets with a networked mobile measurement strategy.

Air Quality Sensors

AI-Driven Autocalibration of a Heterogeneous Sensor Network

The SDI-C Microproject "AI-Driven Autocalibration of a Heterogeneous Sensor Network" explores how to automate the calibration of low-cost environmental sensors using Machine Learning. By leveraging a dense, heterogeneous network of reference stations—ranging from low-cost sensors to official monitoring stations—this project aims to enable cities to monitor air quality comprehensively and cost-effectively. The goal is to validate AI-driven, remote calibration approaches that eliminate the need for manual, time-consuming processes, making real-time air quality tracking accessible even for Citizen Science applications.

Hepta

HEPTA – Topic area 3: Smart Cities

HEPTA (Helmholtz European Partnership for Technological Advancement) promotes cooperation between Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh) and the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) in the development of sustainable technologies in the fields of air quality, atmospheric physics, biomass and smart cities.

Nuberisim2AI image

Nuberisim2AI

The SDI-S Microproject "Nuberisim2AI" leverages artificial intelligence to improve on flow-induced noise prediction by shortening time-consuming fluid simulations. Traditionally, analyzing noise sources requires up to 14 days on high-performance computers. This project aims to use AI to extend existing flow simulation time series by up to 50%, thereby reducing the overall analysis time by up to 75%. By enabling faster and more efficient simulations, it empowers engineers to optimize device designs for noise reduction while maintaining performance—supporting applications in aerospace, automotive, and industrial systems.

Publications

2026
Development and implementation of SOMA: A secondary organic module for aerosol integration in high-resolution air quality simulations
Ioannidis, G.; Bouloti, N.; Tremper, P.; Li, C.; Boikos, C.; Rapkos, N.; Riedel, T.; Dal Maso, M.; Ntziachristos, L.
2026. Atmospheric Pollution Research, 17 (8), Art.Nr: 103096. doi:10.1016/j.apr.2026.103096 Full textFull text of the publication as PDF document 
2025
Quantification of Multi-Source Road Emissions in an Urban Environment Using Inverse Methods
Gkirmpas, P.; Tsegas, G.; Ioannidis, G.; Tremper, P.; Riedel, T.; Chourdakis, E.; Vlachokostas, C.; Moussiopoulos, N.
2025. Atmosphere, 16 (10), Art.-Nr.: 1184. doi:10.3390/atmos16101184 Full textFull text of the publication as PDF document 
2022
SmartAQnet 2020: A New Open Urban Air Quality Dataset from Heterogeneous PM Sensors
Li, C.; Budde, M.; Tremper, P.; Schäfer, K.; Riesterer, J.; Redelstein, J.; Petersen, E.; Khedr, M.; Liu, X.; Köpke, M.; Hussain, S.; Ernst, F.; Kowalski, M.; Pesch, M.; Werhahn, J.; Hank, M.; Philipp, A.; Cyrys, J.; Schnelle-Kreis, J.; Grimm, H.; Ziegler, V.; Peters, A.; Emeis, S.; Riedel, T.; Beigl, M.
2022. ProScience, 8. doi:10.14644/dust2021.001 Full textFull text of the publication as PDF document 
2021
Hochaufgelöste Erfassung der urbanen Feinstaubbelastung mittels Messnetz aus kostengünstigen Sensoren und numerischen Simulationen
Schäfer, K.; Budde, M.; Cyrys, J.; Emeis, S.; Gratza, T.; Grimm, H.; Hank, M.; Kowalski, M.; Pesch, M.; Peters, A.; Philipp, A.; Riedel, T.; Riesterer, J.; Schnelle-Kreis, J.; Tremper, P.; Uhrner, U.; Werhahn, J.; Ziegler, V.; Beigl, M.
2021. Gefahrstoffe, Reinhaltung der Luft, 81 (9-10), 353–361 
Adaptives luftqualitätsgewichtetes Fahrradrouting mittels Land-use Regression auf Basis offener Daten
Janßen, J.; Riedel, T.; Tremper, P.
2021. Workshop: 2. Workshop Künstliche Intelligenz in der Umweltinformatik (KIUI-2021), 321–331, Gesellschaft für Informatik (GI). doi:10.18420/informatik2021-026 Full textFull text of the publication as PDF document 
Spatial Interpolation of Air Quality Data with Multidimensional Gaussian Processes
Tremper, P.; Riedel, T.; Budde, M.
2021. Workshop: 2. Workshop Künstliche Intelligenz in der Umweltinformatik (KIUI-2021), 269–286, Gesellschaft für Informatik (GI). doi:10.18420/informatik2021-022 Full textFull text of the publication as PDF document 
Calibration of Low-Cost Particulate Matter Sensors with Elastic Weight Consolidation (EWC) as an Incremental Deep Learning Method
Schlund, R.; Riesterer, J.; Köpke, M.; Kowalski, M.; Tremper, P.; Budde, M.; Beigl, M.
2021. Science and Technologies for Smart Cities – 6th EAI International Conference, SmartCity360°, Virtual Event, December 2-4, 2020, Proceedings. Ed.: S. Paiva, 596–614, Springer International Publishing. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-76063-2_40 
2020
Ubiquitäre Systeme (Seminar) und Mobile Computing (Proseminar) SS 2019 : Mobile und Verteilte Systeme Ubiquitous Computing. Teil XIX
Pescara, E.; Tremper, P.; Formanek, J.; Hefenbrock, M.; Huang, Y.; Ravivanpong, P.; Riesterer, J.; Wang, L.; Wolff, I.; Zhou, Y.; Beigl, M. (Eds.)
2020. Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Full textFull text of the publication as PDF document 
2019
Low-Cost Sensing and Data Management in SmartAQnet
Budde, M.; Riesterer, J.; Köpke, M.; Tremper, P.; Riedel, T.
2019. Mid-term and 1st International Networking Workshop of the SmartAQnet Project : December 4th and 5th 2018, Munich. Ed.: M. Budde, 3, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Full textFull text of the publication as PDF document